👋 Repair shop owner / operator here

The two most common symptom manifestations of a defective power supply are abrupt shutdowns while in use or inability to power on whatsoever.

We’ve had some edge case scenarios with weirder behaviors. In one case, power delivery to the GPU would randomly drop out which manifested as an abrupt cut to a blank screen, almost as though the GPU has been abruptly removed. In another case, a system would occasionally suffer an abrupt reboot when waking from sleep.

Cases of BSODs, stuttering, or other instability diagnosed as the power supply have been few and far between, but they do exist.

Fortunately, that hypothesis is pretty easy to test for. Power supplies aren’t terribly expensive, you can sit one next to an open chassis and satisfy its connections without completely installing it so it’s not a huge ordeal / time sink to isolate for a problem with that part.

For the most part, stutters like you describe are often the result of corruption in the software environment, largely as a result of a defect in storage and memory (though, importantly, not always)