Like this: even though the defendant has not stepped foot into the country where the crime scene occurred, but are a third party accessory (maybe ordered the perpetrators to commit murder? maybe they abetted the perpetrators?) but don’t inherit the same passport or nationality.
There’s already a form of punishment from visa requirements meaning if the defendant has a passport from a “third world” country: their travel movement is restricted making any potential vacations a headache, but that alone doesn’t work if the defendant has a strong passport.
Regardless, the defendant hasn’t even been to the country in person where the crime took place but are considered a suspect due to their interactions with those on the ground who executed the crime in where it occurred. I mean, can you still subpoena a foreigner in absentia?
most reasonable jurisdictions mandate that you’re able to face and challenge your accusers, which kinda requires your presence at trial. but it’s still physically possible for trials in absentia to happen. It’s just usually only done by assholes.
that said, warrants for arrest can be posted with people anywhere. Summons and subpenas can also be issued, but wouldn’t be enforceable if you’re outside the jurisdiction. that would depend on the treaties between the two jurisdictions in question.
At least, they wouldn’t be enforceable until you arrived for whatever reason in the issuing country.