Why are bike tires so narrow and large diameter compared to car tires? What tradeoffs are here exactly? Motorcycle and some ebike tires are more similar to car tires than to bike tires, so i guess it has something to do with braking length at maximum expected speed, and probably also with weight of vehicle, as to not exceed some specified pressure on road. There has to be so many more reasons (weight? air resistance? some other things affecting efficiency or safety? ???)
update: apparently friction involving things that are bendy is monstrously complicated subject, and also there are material limits like maximum allowed shear stress
A larger wheel allows a smoother ride as a smaller wheel and thus allows for higher speeds on uneven ground. They also have a lower rolling resistance as their curvature (“roundness”) is smaller and thus, for identical inflation, need to be deformed less to obtain the same area of contact (which on hard surfaces, is defined by the load onto the tyre and its inflation).
Wider tyres have a lower rolling resistance than narrow tyres when the internal pressure is identical. Thus, wider tyres can be driven with less inflation.
See also here for more explanation:
https://www.schwalbe.com/en/technology-faq/rolling-resistance/