

There is a patch-series that is now merged into 6.15-rc1 that exposes more i2c/RGB controllers on the GPU side for AMD cards, so that kernel + OpenRGB (as others have mentioned) might be a solution down the line
Patch series for reference: https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/amd-gfx/2025-January/118399.html
Pretty sure that information is stored in the driver, so you should be able to query it using monitoring software, i.e. see:
NVML-API
I know tooling like nvtop uses the API, but unsure whether it displays the maximum temperature